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MIL-HDBK-1211, MILITARY HANDBOOK: MISSILE FLIGHT SIMULATION, (PART ONE), SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILES (17 JUL 1995)., Guided missile technology embraces almost all of the physical sciences, and missile flight simulation can simulate almost any missile function to whatever degree of realism is required or affordable. To cover all aspects with all degrees of simulation complexity in a single volume would clearly be impractical. Therefore, in the interests of practicality and utility, this handbook is limited to flight simulations of surface- to-air missiles used by the US Army. Because many functions are basically common to a wide variety of missile types, however, this information will also be useful to those interested in other types of missiles. A broad range of model sophistication is covered in the handbook because it is important that the level of sophistication of a simulation model be matched to the specific purposes of the simulation. For some applications it is unnecessary to calculate the missile rotational behavior directly from the aerodynamic characteristics. For these applications, equations of motion with three translational degrees of freedom are adequate. In cases in which the missile rotational behavior is critical and simplified methods are not acceptable, the equations of motion must contain at least two, and sometimes three, additional degrees of freedom. The equations and methods for both three- and six-degree-of-freedom models are presented. Very simple and moderately complex mathematical seeker models are given, and the we of actual flight hardware or breadboard hardware in the simulation is described. Very specialized missile system component simulation techniques are beyond the scope of this handbook. Representative examples of modeling topics that are beyond the scope are detailed seeker signal processing, propellant grain burning dynamics, detailed servo system component simulation, complex aerodynamic cross coupling, airframe deflection and flutter, and fuze and warhead operation. Equations and simulation methodology are given for all the major subsystems of surface-to-air missiles. The basic simulation equations can be implemented by either digital or analog means; however, since by far the greatest proportion of current flight simulations uses digital computation. digital methods are emphasized.